In computing,
the kernel is the main component of most computer operating systems, it is a bridge between applications and the actual data processing done
at the hardware level. The kernel's responsibilities include managing the
system's resources (the communication between hardware and software components).
Usually, as a basic component of an
operating system, a kernel can provide the lowest-level abstraction layer for
the resources (especially processors and I/O devices) that application software must control to perform
its function. It typically makes these facilities available to application processes through inter-process
communication mechanisms
and system calls.
Operating system tasks are done differently by different
kernels, depending on their design and implementation. While monolithic kernels execute
all the operating system code in the same address space to
increase the performance of the system, mikrokernel run
most of the operating system services in user space as
servers, aiming to improve maintainability and modularity of the operating
system. A
range of possibilities exists between these two extremes.
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